Executive summary report of COP27

SHARM EL-SHEIKH CLIMATE CHANGE 27th CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES, NOVEMBER 2022

Abdulhadi Achakzai founder and director general of EPTDO was invited by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to the Conference of the Parties (COP27). He attended COP27 conference from 6 November to 20 November 2022 in Egypt. Although, Afghanistan is party member to the convention and signed Paris Agreement adopted in (2015), but this country remained excluded from the COP27 agenda. UN announced Afghanistan among the top 6th countries most vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change in the world. Due to current restrictions on the government, there were no official delegation from the government of Afghanistan in COP27. However, Afghanistan made some progresses to mark climate change impacts and find access to global resources. But, unfortunately after August 2021, this the most vulnerable country lost all its resources and expertise to find better solutions and address climate change risks in global stages.

COP27 conference general overview: It was observed that the United Nations Climate Change 27^th Conference of the Parties was very crucial and operational. COP27 was a conference of implementation and practical decisions. Heads of State and governments, ministers and other diplomatic representatives of more than 120 countries came together to take actions and jointly address climate change and its impacts. UN agencies, international organizations, civil societies, climate activists and the media from around 200 countries attended this important global summit as observers. The conference was a huge and open opportunity for every delegate to take part and share their ideas. Delegates of different countries shared their parts in combating climate change crisis. They also addressed their plans and commitments to struggle against climate change and keep the global warming limit to 1.5C. Observers monitored the conference and all high level segments and other sessions. In general, the Conference of the Parties is the best option for tackling global climate challenges.

During the conference, the leaders of the world called for practical assistance to reduce carbon emissions and secure funds for the most vulnerable countries. In the result, countries reached to a historic decision to establish and operationalize a loss and damage fund, particularly for nations most vulnerable to the climate crisis. The historic loss and damage fund will be targeted toward countries deemed most vulnerable against climate change. This fund is pledged by the developed countries to lean and tackle the climate change extortions of developing countries who are suffering from “loss and Damage” and the adverse impacts of climate change. Parties also agreed to establish a transitional committee. This committee will be responsible to make recommendations on how to operationalize both the new funding arrangements for loss and damage countries and the fund for COP28 next year. There were many other progresses and achievements that the world leaders agreed.

COP27 and Afghanistan: Afghanistan was not official part of the COP27 conference. Meanwhile, after passing successful application process, Mr. Abdulhadi Achakzai received invitation from the UNFCCC and attended the UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties. On 4^th November Mr. Achakzai arrived to COP27 and he received access for both Green Zone and Blue Zone as on observer. During the conference he was able to attend high level segments, conduct meetings with the delegates of different states and governments. He conducted individual meetings with the ministers of 42 countries and heads of 714 international organizations. During the meetings he was addressing climate change impacts on Afghanistan such as extreme increase in temperature, severe droughts, flashfloods, air pollution, water pollution and absence of climate resources.

• After the approval and permission of the session chairperson. Mr. Achakzai delivered his speeches in G20 high-level segment, as an unofficial delegate from Afghanistan.
• Achakzai successfully chaired the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) official session.
• Achakzai presented a presentation in the Colombia Pavilion about Climate Crisis in Afghanistan.
• He conducted individual meetings with the Minsters of 42 countries and heads of 714 INGOs including UN Agencies, WB, ADB and etc.

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